Linux系统优化指南

#!/bin/bash
# 自动备份脚本

# ===== 配置部分 =====
# 备份目录
BACKUP_DIR="/backup"
# 需要备份的目录
SOURCE_DIRS=("/etc" "/var/www" "/home")
# MySQL配置
DB_USER="root"
DB_PASS="your_password"
# 备份保留天数
RETENTION_DAYS=7
# 日期格式
DATE=$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S)
# 日志文件
LOG_FILE="/var/log/backup.log"

# ===== 函数定义 =====
log() {
    echo "[$(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')] $1" | tee -a $LOG_FILE
}

# ===== 开始备份 =====
log "===== 开始备份 ====="

# 创建备份目录
BACKUP_PATH="$BACKUP_DIR/$DATE"
mkdir -p $BACKUP_PATH

# 备份文件
log "备份文件..."
for dir in "${SOURCE_DIRS[@]}"; do
    if [ -d "$dir" ]; then
        dir_name=$(basename $dir)
        log "备份 $dir..."
        tar -czf $BACKUP_PATH/files_${dir_name}.tar.gz $dir 2>>$LOG_FILE
        if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
            log "✓ $dir 备份成功"
        else
            log "✗ $dir 备份失败"
        fi
    fi
done

# 备份MySQL数据库
log "备份数据库..."
# 获取所有数据库列表
databases=$(mysql -u$DB_USER -p$DB_PASS -e "SHOW DATABASES;" | grep -Ev "(Database|information_schema|performance_schema|mysql|sys)")

for db in $databases; do
    log "备份数据库 $db..."
    mysqldump -u$DB_USER -p$DB_PASS $db | gzip > $BACKUP_PATH/db_${db}.sql.gz 2>>$LOG_FILE
    if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
        log "✓ 数据库 $db 备份成功"
    else
        log "✗ 数据库 $db 备份失败"
    fi
done

# 创建备份信息文件
echo "备份时间: $DATE" > $BACKUP_PATH/backup_info.txt
echo "备份内容:" >> $BACKUP_PATH/backup_info.txt
ls -lh $BACKUP_PATH >> $BACKUP_PATH/backup_info.txt

# 压缩整个备份目录
log "压缩备份文件..."
cd $BACKUP_DIR
tar -czf backup_$DATE.tar.gz $DATE/
rm -rf $DATE/

# 计算备份大小
BACKUP_SIZE=$(du -h backup_$DATE.tar.gz | cut -f1)
log "备份完成，文件大小: $BACKUP_SIZE"

# 删除旧备份
log "清理旧备份（保留 $RETENTION_DAYS 天）..."
find $BACKUP_DIR -name "backup_*.tar.gz" -type f -mtime +$RETENTION_DAYS -delete
deleted_count=$(find $BACKUP_DIR -name "backup_*.tar.gz" -type f -mtime +$RETENTION_DAYS | wc -l)
log "删除了 $deleted_count 个旧备份"

# 同步到远程服务器（可选）
# REMOTE_SERVER="user@remote-server:/remote/backup/"
# if [ ! -z "$REMOTE_SERVER" ]; then
#     log "同步到远程服务器..."
#     rsync -avz $BACKUP_DIR/backup_$DATE.tar.gz $REMOTE_SERVER
#     if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
#         log "✓ 远程同步成功"
#     else
#         log "✗ 远程同步失败"
#     fi
# fi

log "===== 备份任务完成 ====="
log ""